Cavendish

Charlottetown

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Kensington

Summerside

For the most part the island’s agriculture is diversified, rather than specialized, because of the lack of a large urban industrial population within easy reach. The eastern section of the island produces the most fruit and specialty crops, but throughout the rest of the island, livestock and field crops predominate. Dairy farms are located throughout the island. Prince Edward Island produces much of Canada’s total crop of seed potatoes, which are sold throughout Canada and internationally. It also produces large amounts of potatoes for table consumption, and they are mostly sent to markets on the Canadian mainland. Some farms concentrate on breeding cattle and hogs. Of increasing importance are fruit and vegetable growing. The fruits and vegetables are processed principally in Charlottetown, in Montague, and near Summerside.

Fishing has long been one of the island’s significant industries. The catch is not large, but the quality is excellent, especially in lobsters and the world-famous oysters from Malpeque Bay. Redfish, mackerel, scallops, hake, tuna, flounder, herring, eels, crabs, and clams are also caught. A notable industry is Irish moss gathering. Irish moss, a red alga, is processed into carrageenin, an emulsifying and stabilizing agent used in beer, ice cream, toothpaste, pie fillings, and other products.

The lack of cheap power, labor, capital, and raw materials has kept manufacturing to a minimum on Prince Edward Island. Long distances to large markets add to the difficulties. In 1997 manufacturing generated 11 percent of the province’s GDP. Major products include fish products, dairy items, fertilizer, commercial printed materials, boats, and wood products. Electricity output is minimal, and about 90 percent of the province’s requirements must be imported.

Prince Edward Island is a popular vacation resort, known for the rustic charm of its quiet villages, its white sandy beaches bathed by the warm waters of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and its excellent opportunities for trout fishing, deep-sea and tuna fishing, and other sports. Visitors drawn by these attractions and by the Charlottetown Summer Festival have made tourism one of the island’s leading sources of income despite the relatively short summer tourist season. Improved roads, increased ferry service, and the expansion of recreational facilities have also stimulated tourism.

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