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Trading posts were established in the area as early as 1823. Omaha served as the winter quarters for Mormon migrants in 1846 and 1847. In March 1854 the Omaha tribe, who had lived in the area, along with the Oto and Missouri peoples, signed a treaty which relinquished their rights to their lands west of the Missouri, and the town was laid out immediately thereafter. Its location, close to the geographical center of the United States, soon made it an important transportation and trading center, and it incorporated in 1857. The community developed as an outfitting point for overland wagon trains heading west. Omaha’s importance as a gateway to the West increased with the building of the railroads in the 1860s. The city was the eastern terminus of the Union Pacific Railroad. When that railroad was joined with the Central Pacific Railroad in 1869, Omaha had a railroad link with both the eastern and western United States. As other railroad lines reached the city and the surrounding plains were settled, Omaha became a major marketing, processing and shipping center.

Omaha served as the capital of the Nebraska Territory until 1867, when Nebraska became a state with its capital in Lincoln. In 1879 Omaha was the site of a landmark trial, Standing Bear v. Crook, which defined Native Americans as United States citizens. In the later part of the 19th century, thousands of immigrants poured into the city. Between 1880 and 1890, Omaha’s population increased from 30,518 to 140,452. In 1898 a world’s fair, the Trans-Mississippi Exposition, was held in the city. In the first half of the 20th century, the city’s industrial activities were diversified, and the insurance business was established. The city’s name derives from the Omaha people, and is thought to mean "upstream people."

Nebraska - America Real Estate Directory

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