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The original occupants of the Jersey City area were the Delaware people. In the 1630s the area was settled by the Dutch despite the Delaware’s resistance. During the American Revolution, American military leader Henry Lee led a surprise attack and captured a British fort at the community, then known as Paulus Hook, on August 19, 1779. In 1804 land speculators from New York City founded the town of Jersey, deriving the name from the island of Jersey in the English Channel. The city’s function as a transportation center dates from 1834, when the first railroad was constructed. The opening of the Morris Canal, connecting the city to Newark, soon followed, and the city began to attract industry. Thereafter the city’s growth largely paralleled that of New York City until the middle of the 20th century. From 1917 to 1947 Jersey City was the headquarters of Frank Hague, the city’s mayor and a nationally known political boss. In the later half of the century Jersey City lost a significant portion of its population as residents moved to the suburbs. During the 1980s the city was affected severely by economic decline, losing more than one-third of its manufacturing jobs. The city compensated for the decline by increasing its service industries. Today Jersey City is seen as a less expensive alternative to New York City. | ||
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