The city was founded in 1875 and is named for Arlington, Virginia. After the arrival of the railroad in 1876, it grew as a cotton-ginning and farming center, and incorporated in 1884. Large-scale industrialization began in 1954 with the arrival of a General Motors assembly plant. Automotive and aerospace development gave the city one of the nation’s greatest population growth rates between 1950 and 1990.

Arlington covers a land area of 96 sq mi, with a mean elevation of 616 ft. According to the 2000 census, whites are 67.7 percent of the population, blacks 13.7 percent, Asians 6 percent, Native Americans 0.5 percent, and Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders 0.1 percent. The remainder are of mixed heritage or did not report ethnicity.

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